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 * Climate and Geographic Factors **

**Climate:**

- Two major climactic zones: dry Iranian plateau and South Asian tropical peninsula ( McIntosh,9)    - Water levels were highest in March, and lowest in September ( Hawkes, 30) -    Floods very violent, large and unpredictable(McIntosh 2, 47) -   Temperature and high as 100 F, low as 0 F(Kirkpatrick, 6) -   Water levels were highest in March, and lowest in September ( Hawkes, 30) -   Six seasons: spring, summer, rainy(monsoon), autumn, winter, dewy(Kirkpatrick, 6)  -  Aridity of area peaked around 3200-3000 BCE(67)


 * Geography:**

-Two annual innundations in South Indus allowed crop growth all year(McIntosh 2, 47) -Monsoon rains in North Indus allowed winter grown crops (McIntosh 2, 47) -Civilization situated around Saraswati and Indus rivers (www.harappa.com) - Melting ice from Himalayas ran into the rivers (McIntosh, 12) -Fertile land near the water basin used for grazing cattle(67) -Dense forests likely ran along the river bed (Mcintosh 2, 45) -Away from the river bed, land was very rocky and dry (Kirkpatrick,4)


 * Bibliography**



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